TESLA 9-cell Cavity¶

In [1]:

# Useful for debugging
%load_ext autoreload
%autoreload 2

# Useful for debugging %load_ext autoreload %autoreload 2

In [2]:

from astra import Astra
from pmd_beamphysics import single_particle

from distgen import Generator

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (13,8)
%config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'
import os

from astra import Astra from pmd_beamphysics import single_particle from distgen import Generator import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib matplotlib.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (13,8) %config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina' import os

In [3]:

# Input template file 
ASTRA_IN = '../templates/tesla_9cell_cavity/astra.in'
DISTGEN_IN =  '../templates/tesla_9cell_cavity/distgen.yaml'

# Input template file ASTRA_IN = '../templates/tesla_9cell_cavity/astra.in' DISTGEN_IN = '../templates/tesla_9cell_cavity/distgen.yaml'

In [4]:

G = Generator(DISTGEN_IN)
G.run()
P0 = G.particles

G = Generator(DISTGEN_IN) G.run() P0 = G.particles

In [5]:

# Make an Astra object
A = Astra(input_file=ASTRA_IN, initial_particles=P0, verbose=True)

# Make an Astra object A = Astra(input_file=ASTRA_IN, initial_particles=P0, verbose=True)

In [6]:

# Run
A.input['charge']['lspch'] = True
A.input['charge']['lspch3d'] = False

A.run()

# Run A.input['charge']['lspch'] = True A.input['charge']['lspch3d'] = False A.run()

Initial particles written to /var/folders/2f/l5_mybzs30j4qqvyj98w1_nw0000gn/T/tmp9yes1459/astra.particles
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------

                Astra- A space charge tracking algorithm 
               Version 3.2 - macOS 64bit - Apple Silicon   
                        DESY,  Hamburg 2011          
                        Tue Oct  4 12:55:13 

     Parameter file is:  astra.in                                          
     TESLA 9-cell cavity example                                                     

 Initialize element settings:
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Cavity:

     Reading cavity field data from:      tesla_9cell_cavity_Ez.dat                                                       
     field smoothing is applied
     Cavity Frequency               f =    1.300     GHz
     maximum gradient                      32.00     MV/m
     at                                    1.136     m
     estimated average gradient            12.44     MV/m
     nominal phase                         0.000     deg

 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   10001 particles from file astra.particles                                   

     Particles taken into account      N =      10001
     total charge                      Q =     -1.000     nC
     horizontal beam position          x =     6.0718E-18 mm
     vertical beam position            y =     1.8565E-17 mm
     longitudinal beam position        z =     1.5199E-19 m
     horizontal beam size          sig x =     1.0000E-02 mm
     vertical beam size            sig y =     1.0000E-02 mm
     longitudinal beam size        sig z =     0.1000     mm
     average kinetic energy            E =      99.49     MeV
     energy spread                    dE =     1.6514E-08 keV
     average momentum                  P =      100.0     MeV/c
     transverse beam emittance     eps x =      0.000     pi mrad mm
     correlated divergence         cor x =      0.000     mrad 
     transverse beam emittance     eps y =      0.000     pi mrad mm
     correlated divergence         cor y =      0.000     mrad
     longitudinal beam emittance   eps z =     1.6513E-09 pi keV mm
     correlated energy spread      cor z =     1.4196E-25 keV
     emittance ratio eps y/eps x         =      0.000    
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Start auto phasing: 

     WARNING: Particle starts inside cavity number:    1

     Scan cavity number  :   1
        0 unstable trajectories out of   50
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Start phase scan: 

     WARNING: Particle starts inside cavity number:    1

     Cavity number  :   1 from :   0.000     m  to:   1.347     m
        0 unstable trajectories out of  360

     Cavity phasing completed:
     Cavity number   Energy gain [MeV]  at  Phase [deg]
           1             17.34               299.38    
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 on axis tracking of the reference particle:
     initial position                  z =   2.0892E-21 m
                                       x =    0.000     mm
                                       y =  -1.9722E-19 mm
     initial momentum                  p =    100.0     MeV/c
     global phase shift              phi =    0.000     deg
     time step for integration        dt =    3.000     ps
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Online element settings:

 --------------------------------------------------------------------------

     particle reaches position         z =    1.500     m
     time of flight is                 t =    5.004     ns
     final momentum                    p =    117.3     MeV/c
     final phase (cavity 1)      phi_end =    299.4     deg
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 off axis tracking of the reference particle: 
     initial position                  z =   2.0892E-21 m
                                       x =   1.0000E-02 mm
                                       y =   1.0000E-02 mm

     final position                    x =   9.1605E-03 mm
                                       y =   9.1605E-03 mm
     divergence                    px/pz =  -8.3798E-05 mrad
                                   py/pz =  -8.3798E-05 mrad
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 tracking of    10001 particles :
     tracking will stop at             z =    1.500     m

     space charge forces are INCLUDED
     cylindrical symmetric algorithm

     final checkpoint at               z =    1.500     m
     total number of iteration steps:          1828

     **********************************************************************

     Particles taken into account      N =      10001
     total charge                      Q =     -1.000     nC
     horizontal beam position          x =     2.3730E-05 mm
     vertical beam position            y =     7.8206E-06 mm
     longitudinal beam position        z =      1.500     m
     horizontal beam size          sig x =     0.1443     mm
     vertical beam size            sig y =     0.1443     mm
     longitudinal beam size        sig z =     0.1000     mm
     average kinetic energy            E =      116.9     MeV
     energy spread                    dE =      58.64     keV
     average momentum                  P =      117.4     MeV/c
     transverse beam emittance     eps x =     4.7268E-02 pi mrad mm
     correlated divergence         cor x =     0.1175     mrad 
     transverse beam emittance     eps y =     4.7712E-02 pi mrad mm
     correlated divergence         cor y =     0.1174     mrad
     longitudinal beam emittance   eps z =      5.261     pi keV mm
     correlated energy spread      cor z =      25.91     keV
     emittance ratio eps y/eps x         =     0.9907    

     Particle Statistics: 


     Total number of particles on stack     =      10001
     Electrons (total)                      =      10001
     particles at the cathode               =          0
     active particles                       =      10001
     passive particles (lost out of bunch)  =          0
     probe particles                        =          0
     backward traveling particles           =          0
     particles lost with z<Zmin             =          0
     particles lost due to cathode field    =          0
     particles lost on aperture             =          0

     Tracking ended with     2 warning(s)


     **********************************************************************

     Emittance information saved to file    : astra.Xemit.001               
     Emittance information saved to file    : astra.Yemit.001               
     Emittance information saved to file    : astra.Zemit.001               
     Lost & found saved to file             : astra.LandF.001               
     Ref. part. information saved to file   : astra.ref.001                 
     Phase-space distributions logged in    : astra.Log.001                 
     Phase scan saved to file               : astra.PScan.001               
     Core emittance data saved to file      : astra.Cemit.001               

     **********************************************************************



     finished simulation  Tue Oct  4 12:55:59 2022
     elapsed time   :                45.8 seconds 
     execution time :                45.6 seconds 
     system time    :                 0.2 seconds
     Goodbye.
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
loading 1 particle files
[150.0]
{'start_time': 1664902513.90176, 'run_script': '/Users/chrisonian/Code/Astra/bin/Astra astra.in', 'run_time': 45.97193694114685, 'run_error': False}

Note: The following floating-point exceptions are signalling: IEEE_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO

In [7]:

# Compare these. 
key1 = 'mean_z'
key2 = 'sigma_x'
units1 = str(A.units(key1))
units2 = str(A.units(key2))
plt.xlabel(key1+f' ({units1})')
plt.ylabel(key2+f' ({units2})')
plt.plot(A.stat(key1), A.stat(key2))
plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1), A.particle_stat(key2), color='red')
#plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1, alive_only=False), A.particle_stat(key2, alive_only=False), color='green')

# Compare these. key1 = 'mean_z' key2 = 'sigma_x' units1 = str(A.units(key1)) units2 = str(A.units(key2)) plt.xlabel(key1+f' ({units1})') plt.ylabel(key2+f' ({units2})') plt.plot(A.stat(key1), A.stat(key2)) plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1), A.particle_stat(key2), color='red') #plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1, alive_only=False), A.particle_stat(key2, alive_only=False), color='green')

Out[7]:

<matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x13f164b20>

In [8]:

P = A.particles[-1]
#P.plot('x', 'px')
P.plot('z', 'pz', bins=100)

P = A.particles[-1] #P.plot('x', 'px') P.plot('z', 'pz', bins=100)

In [9]:

# Compare these. 
key1 = 'mean_z'
key2 = 'norm_emit_x'
units1 = str(A.units(key1))
units2 = str(A.units(key2))
plt.xlabel(key1+f' ({units1})')
plt.ylabel(key2+f' ({units2})')
plt.plot(A.stat(key1), A.stat(key2), label='Astra', color='red')
#plt.plot(I.stat(key1), I.stat(key2), '--', label='Impact-T', color='blue')

plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1), A.particle_stat(key2), color='red')
plt.legend()
#plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1, alive_only=False), A.particle_stat(key2, alive_only=False), color='green')

# Compare these. key1 = 'mean_z' key2 = 'norm_emit_x' units1 = str(A.units(key1)) units2 = str(A.units(key2)) plt.xlabel(key1+f' ({units1})') plt.ylabel(key2+f' ({units2})') plt.plot(A.stat(key1), A.stat(key2), label='Astra', color='red') #plt.plot(I.stat(key1), I.stat(key2), '--', label='Impact-T', color='blue') plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1), A.particle_stat(key2), color='red') plt.legend() #plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1, alive_only=False), A.particle_stat(key2, alive_only=False), color='green')

Out[9]:

<matplotlib.legend.Legend at 0x14e781280>

In [10]:

#A.archive('astra_cavity9_SC_2D.h5')

#A.archive('astra_cavity9_SC_2D.h5')

In [11]:

#PI1 = I.particles['initial_particles']
#PI2 = I.particles['final_particles']
#
#PA1 = P0
#PA2 = A.particles[-1]

#PI1 = I.particles['initial_particles'] #PI2 = I.particles['final_particles'] # #PA1 = P0 #PA2 = A.particles[-1]

In [ ]:

P0['sigma_x'], PI1['sigma_x']

P0['sigma_x'], PI1['sigma_x']

In [ ]:

k1 = 'x'
k2 = 'px'
skip = 1
plt.scatter(PA1[k1][::skip], PA1[k2][::skip], label='Astra', marker='x', alpha=0.5)
plt.scatter(PI1[k1][::skip], PI1[k2][::skip], label='Impact', marker='.', alpha=0.5)
plt.legend()

k1 = 'x' k2 = 'px' skip = 1 plt.scatter(PA1[k1][::skip], PA1[k2][::skip], label='Astra', marker='x', alpha=0.5) plt.scatter(PI1[k1][::skip], PI1[k2][::skip], label='Impact', marker='.', alpha=0.5) plt.legend()

In [ ]:

k1 = 'z'
k2 = 'x'
skip = 1
plt.scatter(PA2[k1][::skip], PA2[k2][::skip], label='Astra', marker='x', alpha=0.5)
plt.scatter(PI2[k1][::skip], PI2[k2][::skip], label='Impact', marker='.', alpha=0.5)
plt.legend()

k1 = 'z' k2 = 'x' skip = 1 plt.scatter(PA2[k1][::skip], PA2[k2][::skip], label='Astra', marker='x', alpha=0.5) plt.scatter(PI2[k1][::skip], PI2[k2][::skip], label='Impact', marker='.', alpha=0.5) plt.legend()

In [ ]:

PA2['sigma_x'], PI2['sigma_x']

PA2['sigma_x'], PI2['sigma_x']

In [ ]:

plt.hist(PA2['x'], bins=50, alpha=0.5, label='Astra')
plt.hist(PI2['x'], bins=50, alpha=0.5, label='Impact')
plt.legend()

plt.hist(PA2['x'], bins=50, alpha=0.5, label='Astra') plt.hist(PI2['x'], bins=50, alpha=0.5, label='Impact') plt.legend()

3D¶

In [ ]:

A2 = A.copy()
A2.input['charge']['lspch'] = True
A2.input['charge']['lspch3d'] = True
A2.input['charge']['l2d_3d'] = False
A2.input['charge']['nxf'] = 32
A2.input['charge']['nyf'] = 32
A2.input['charge']['nzf'] = 64
A2.input['charge']['nx0'] = 4
A2.input['charge']['ny0'] = 4
A2.input['charge']['nz0'] = 4
A2.configure()
A2.run()

A2 = A.copy() A2.input['charge']['lspch'] = True A2.input['charge']['lspch3d'] = True A2.input['charge']['l2d_3d'] = False A2.input['charge']['nxf'] = 32 A2.input['charge']['nyf'] = 32 A2.input['charge']['nzf'] = 64 A2.input['charge']['nx0'] = 4 A2.input['charge']['ny0'] = 4 A2.input['charge']['nz0'] = 4 A2.configure() A2.run()

In [ ]:

P2 = A2.particles[-1]
P2.plot('x', 'px')

P2 = A2.particles[-1] P2.plot('x', 'px')

In [ ]:

A2.archive('astra_cavity9_SC_3D.h5')

A2.archive('astra_cavity9_SC_3D.h5')

Compare¶

In [ ]:

# Compare these. 
key1 = 'mean_z'
key2 = 'norm_emit_x'
units1 = str(A.units(key1))
units2 = str(A.units(key2))
plt.xlabel(key1+f' ({units1})')
plt.ylabel(key2+f' ({units2})')
plt.plot(A.stat(key1), A.stat(key2), label='Astra 2D', color='red')
plt.plot(A2.stat(key1), A2.stat(key2), label='Astra 3D', color='blue')
plt.plot(I.stat(key1), I.stat(key2), '--', label='Impact-T', color='green')

plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1), A.particle_stat(key2), color='red')
plt.legend()
#plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1, alive_only=False), A.particle_stat(key2, alive_only=False), color='green')

# Compare these. key1 = 'mean_z' key2 = 'norm_emit_x' units1 = str(A.units(key1)) units2 = str(A.units(key2)) plt.xlabel(key1+f' ({units1})') plt.ylabel(key2+f' ({units2})') plt.plot(A.stat(key1), A.stat(key2), label='Astra 2D', color='red') plt.plot(A2.stat(key1), A2.stat(key2), label='Astra 3D', color='blue') plt.plot(I.stat(key1), I.stat(key2), '--', label='Impact-T', color='green') plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1), A.particle_stat(key2), color='red') plt.legend() #plt.scatter(A.particle_stat(key1, alive_only=False), A.particle_stat(key2, alive_only=False), color='green')

In [ ]:

k1 = 'x'
k2 = 'px'
skip = 10
plt.title('Astra')
plt.xlabel(k1)
plt.ylabel(k2)
plt.scatter(P[k1][::skip], P[k2][::skip], label='2d', marker='x', alpha=0.5)
plt.scatter(P2[k1][::skip], P2[k2][::skip], label='3d', marker='.', alpha=0.5)

plt.scatter(PI2[k1][::skip], PI2[k2][::skip], label='Impact', marker='.', alpha=0.5)
plt.legend()

k1 = 'x' k2 = 'px' skip = 10 plt.title('Astra') plt.xlabel(k1) plt.ylabel(k2) plt.scatter(P[k1][::skip], P[k2][::skip], label='2d', marker='x', alpha=0.5) plt.scatter(P2[k1][::skip], P2[k2][::skip], label='3d', marker='.', alpha=0.5) plt.scatter(PI2[k1][::skip], PI2[k2][::skip], label='Impact', marker='.', alpha=0.5) plt.legend()

In [ ]:

k1 = 'x'
k2 = 'px'
skip = 1
plt.scatter(P[k1][::skip], P[k2][::skip], label='2d', marker='x', alpha=0.5)
plt.scatter(P2[k1][::skip], P2[k2][::skip], label='3d', marker='.', alpha=0.5)
plt.legend()

k1 = 'x' k2 = 'px' skip = 1 plt.scatter(P[k1][::skip], P[k2][::skip], label='2d', marker='x', alpha=0.5) plt.scatter(P2[k1][::skip], P2[k2][::skip], label='3d', marker='.', alpha=0.5) plt.legend()

In [ ]:

P['max_pz']/ P2['max_pz']

P['max_pz']/ P2['max_pz']

Compare with Impact-T¶

In [ ]:

from impact import Impact
I = Impact()
I.load_archive('impact_cavity9.h5')

from impact import Impact I = Impact() I.load_archive('impact_cavity9.h5')